Friday, December 27, 2019
Evaluation Of The And Modeling Approach - 3404 Words
2. Operations Research (OR) Overview of the OR Modeling Approach 1. Carefully observing and formulating the problem, gathering all relevant data - Crucial, because affects relevance of the conclusions (itââ¬â¢s difficult to extract a right answer from the wrong problem) 2. Constructing a mathematical model to abstract the essence of the real problem - Decision variables: x1, x2, â⬠¦, xn - Objective function: P (profit) = 3x1 + 2x2 + â⬠¦ + 5xn - Constraints: x1 + 3x1x2 + 2x2, âⰠ¤ 10 restrictions on the values to decision variables - Parameters: the constants (namely, the coefficients and right-hand sides) in the constraints and objective function - Sensitivity analysis: analysis of changes in the solution depending on the values of parameters,â⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Testing the model and refine it as needed - Retrospective test use historical data to determine how well the model and the resulting solution would have performed if they had been used, and using alternative solutions from the model on it predicts the relative effects of alternative courses of actions 6. Prepare for the ongoing application of the model as prescribed by management - Databases and management information systems may provide up-to-date input for the model each time it is used, in which case interface programs are needed - Decision support system is installed to help managers use data and models to support (rather than replace) their decision making as needed 7. Implementing the system - Support of upper management (feedback) - Training for personnel who will use the system Introduction to Linear Programming Graphical method (especially for two decision variables only, but also possible for three) - feasible region is the region of the graphic where the solutions (considering the constraints) can be, that is, the set of permissible values for the decision variables Standard Form of the Model - there are functional constraints (or structural constraints) and non negativity constraints (or non-negativity conditions) -
Thursday, December 19, 2019
ââ¬ÅFear of the Unknown Is a Common Gothic Themeââ¬Â. Is This...
The fear of the unknown is a common Gothic theme that is used to create fear and uncertainty in the responder. This is achieved through the use of a number of different techniques and conventions. The fear of the unknown is expressed through dark, uncertain and mysterious circumstances cause responders to feel vulnerable and fearful. In Bram Stokerââ¬â¢s Dracula the overpowering force of the sublime, the prominence of religion, death and use of darkness accompanied by typical Gothic techniques evoke a fear of the unknown in responders. This common Gothic themes can also be observed in The Road by Cormac McCarthy, in which the fear of the unknown is enhanced by the sublime, the prominence of religion, death and the use of darkness. Furthermore,â⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦The use of allusion in the quotation foreshadows the evil that is to ultimately surround Jonathan and the other protagonists in the novel. The howling of the wolves creates a fear of the unknown because as respo nders read, it can be established that some form of evil is going to behold Jonathan and his friends, but even still responders do not yet know how this evil is to be conducted. More commonly, in order to represent themes of the unknown, various recurring motifs are used to enhance to further establish fear amongst responders. There are various techniques that are used particularly in Dracula to enhance a fear of the unknown, the use of doors is a prominent example. Doors are used to are used to represent a barrier to what is the unknown. What is behind a door is unknown to both the the character and the responder, creating an overall fear and anxiety as to what it might be. An example of the repetition of this particular motif can be observed in the quotation, ââ¬Å"But I am not in heart to describe beauty, for when I had seen the view I explored further; doors, doors, doors everywhere, and all locked and bolted. In no place save from the windows in the castle walls is there an available exit. The castle is a veritable prison, and I am a prisoner!â⬠In the course of a single chapter, Harker feels strippedShow MoreRelatedThe Genre of Stokers Dracula Es say6296 Words à |à 26 Pages This is almost like an epic poem. The theme in this case is of good versus evil. The evil has almost supernatural powers yet the good triumph over it. The good consists of ordinary men, god fearing and courageous. They are consistent in their effort to stamp out evil. In the end they triumph over evil even though the evil is very strong. This theme slowly and steadily gathers momentum until it becomes clearer in the end. In Dracula, Bram Stoker emphasizes how as theRead MoreEssay on The Everlasting Dark Shadow of Romanticism2650 Words à |à 11 Pagesreason this probably happens is because of how closely romanticism sounds like romance. The similarity of the sounds and spelling of the two words can lead to some thinking that the two words mean the same thing or are closely related. Although romanticism and romance do share some similarities in their spelling and pronunciation they couldnââ¬â¢t be more different. In the Merriam Webster Dictionary romance is defined as, ââ¬Å"a love storyâ⬠. The Romantic Period was not necessarily a time of true romanceRead MoreStevensons Use of Technique to Present Character and Atmosphere in The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde3297 Words à |à 14 Pagesevil, and the gradual ascendancy of evil and monstrous Mr Hyde over hypocritical Dr Jekyll. This transformation though, one day becomes involuntary and Jekyll is unable to reverse it because he has run out of the original batch of special chemical solutions. As the truth is about to surface, tragic events occur that end the whole situation dramatically and decisively. The themes which Robert Louis Stevenson addresses in his novel ââ¬ËThe Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hydeââ¬â¢Read MoreFrankenstein by Mary Shelley Essay3112 Words à |à 13 Pagesappeal of the novel. Introduction: Despite being over a century old, Mary Shelleys Frankenstein has continued to hold public interest for nearly two hundred years. The novel was published 1818 and is one of the most acclaimed gothic stories in the history of literature. It has remained a firm favourite with audiences of the past and present, and has been adapted and re-told many times through various different kinds of media, for example; radio programmes, theatreRead MoreFrankenstein Study Guide14107 Words à |à 57 PagesThe Glencoe Literature Library presents full-length novels and plays bound together with shorter selections of various genres that relate by theme or topic to the main reading. Each work in the Library has a two-part Study Guide that contains a variety of resources for both you and your students. Use the Guide to plan your instruction of the work and enrich your classroom presentations. In For the Teacher you will find these time-saving instructor aids: â⬠¢ About the Work: pertinent background informationRead MoreAmerican Literature11652 Words à |à 47 PagesAmerican Literature through Time To find out more about a particular literature time period, click on the links below: ï⠷ ï⠷ ï⠷ ï⠷ ï⠷ ï⠷ ï⠷ ï⠷ ï⠷ ï⠷ Puritan Times Rationalism/Age of Enlightenment American Renaissance/Romanticism Gothic Realism Naturalism Modernism Harlem Renaissance Postmodernism Contemporary Puritan Times period of American Literature - 1650-1750 Content: ï⠷ ï⠷ ï⠷ errand into the wilderness be a city upon a hill Christian utopia Genre/Style: ï⠷ ï⠷ ï⠷ ï⠷ ï⠷ sermons, diaries personalRead MoreUtilisation of Setting and Atmosphere in Victorian Short Stories3636 Words à |à 15 Pagessuccessful for their designated audience. Victorian stories, especially those with a supernatural theme, cleverly utilised a range of devices to make them a literary success to their respective audiences. The range, which we have studied, covered a time period spanning all of Queen Victorias reign and consequently created tension in similar and different ways, as I will show in this essay. The setting of Dickens wonderful creation, The Signalman differs a great dealRead MoreHorror Genre Dissertation6741 Words à |à 27 Pagesto the BFI Library to find more information on my chosen topic. 2. Acknowledgements I would like to say Thank you to Dr. Vincent Montgomery for his advice and knowledge into the Spoof Horror films. 3. Introduction This dissertation will aim to discuss and analyse the Horror genre and how it has crossed over into the comedy sector. The various types of horror subjects will be discussed as well as looking at the comedy horror films. I will identify classic Horror moviesRead MoreEmersons Self Reliance5249 Words à |à 21 Pagesover the knowledge gained from books: To believe that what is true in your private heart is true for all menÃâ"that is genius. The person who scorns personal intuition and, instead, chooses to rely on others opinions lacks the creative power necessary for robust, bold individualism. This absence of conviction results not in different ideas, as this person expects, but in the acceptance of the same ideasÃâ"now secondhand thoughtsÃâ"that this person initially intuited. The lesson Emerson would have usRead MoreTexas Rangers13480 Words à |à 54 PagesContinentals,able to move comfortably about within a central European culture.Hence,Italy,France,and Germany were all equally accessible.He graduated from high school within a scientific and mathematical discipline.Significantly,however,in later years this early orientation seemed to him to have unduly limited his options.Rene Furer,professor of theory at the GTA(Institut fur Geschichte und Theorie der Architektur,ETH school of A rchitecture)and one of Hoesliââ¬â¢s assistants during the 1960s,maintains
Wednesday, December 11, 2019
Report on Customer satisfaction on Coles-Free-Samples for Students
Question: Write a Business report on Customer Satisfaction on Coles. Answer: Introduction This report is on the customer satisfaction level of Coles and where does it stands in the competition with other two supermarkets Woolworths and Aldi. The theory framework of Customer relationship management is also described and applied in this research. Further, there is also primary data collected from the daily customer base of that supermarket which is analysed from the source. There is some major recommendation given at the end of the report to increase satisfaction of Cole Customer. Background Coles is the market leader in retail supermarket category in Australia and the prospective of the Industry since 1914 is notable. However, the whole industrys emergence and after the globalisation, the competition has increased. This has directed the competitors to develop strategies in different business aspect of the business and become more competitive regarding their strengths. Over the period of years, Coles have focused on different values like Quality service, innovation, growth and building good relationship with the suppliers, customers and the remaining stakeholders. The company is also expanded in different sectors like providing financial services, expansion of grocery website, hotels, liquor and other additional business. The three main part of the value frame involves good and long-term supplier partnerships, enriching internal environment of business, great value and trusted quality of fresh produce to their customers. This research is based on the exploration of custo mer satisfaction level of Coles and its competitors Aldi and Woolworths. Market position and future prediction of their customer base is also discussed. Situational analysis of business Coles situational analysis involves the analysis of business environment, where the organisation stands in the industry. The macro environment that affects the business indirectly has long-run effect. Nevertheless, the internal environment is essential if analysed to be at fault. The in-depth analysis of the company by the tools SWOT, PESTLE, 4Cs, Porters five forces have given some insight of the companys situation which are discussed below. SWOT analysis Strengths - the company is a multi brand retail of Australia, which provides them with certain advantages like applying for investments, good market visibility. Their target group lies in the middleclass and upper class business people of Australia. Their marketing through advertising and branding and sponsorship is a perfect weapon to explore on. Their pricing strategies are effective and frequent price cuts are good. Being a market leader has provided them to dominate their supplier management (Buttle 2012). The Tagline always focuses on their customers. The presence for about 100 years have helped them approaching wide customer base. The success of the liquor business and having a backup of in-house financial services is also notable. The Impressive online presence and delivery/pickup services have enhanced their overall supermarket presence. Weakness Coles have been in the news for having issues with suppliers. The persistent problem have already raised raging concerns for the conglomerate. There also have been some management issues on handling every department of their wide range of business. The value meal movements have drastically reduced their profit margin as they already operate on a low margin. The liquor business have been facing issue competing with the liquor giant of Woolworths. Opportunities - The online delivery of their grocery business needs to b explored as the Internet usage is gaining preference in the customers. Being a conglomerate, they have an advantage of using backward integration. This may increase the efficiency of their business (Chen and Popovich 2013). The backup of in house Financial services and this chain of business can provide their all other start-ups with sufficient investments if planned right. Their presence in the retail market over 100 years has given them an advantage of building a vast customer base to use. The geographic expansion on offshore business also poses a great opportunity. The liquor market has firm presence in Australia and it can be captured with strategic development of the companys liquor department. Threats - the ACCC accused Coles for using unreasonable fines and wastages against their suppliers and that have affected their long-term image in the supplier market. The competition with greater retailers, which operates on higher margin, has affected their cost leadership in the market. The product prices are slightly higher for an average income Australian. Moreover, their target group lies in the higher income group, which is lesser percentage of Australian population. Change of food spending habit and positive attitude towards increased spending in outside meals also poses a threat for their grocery industry. Pestle analysis Political Government regulation regarding duopolistic nature of the two retail giants have given negative impacts in their business. The duopoly an sharing the market between them has been barred by the regulations of the Australian government. ACCC has divided the market with the other Players in the market, Like ALDI, Woolies. Economical The average spending Australian customers are not the target group of these supermarkets and it has affected the pending of the consumers in the economy. The Income percentage that is spent on the buying groceries and everyday convenience is stagnant but the Value meal movement of conscious consumer are affecting their everyday business. Social Their investment in the Corporate Social activity has increased their image in the customer base. Coles has always used the fair trade policies in their business. They have also invested in the research and they give development of the agriculture for the farmers in Australia, cancer help to children and young people all over. Technological Their huge customer base has enabled them in using some good facilities that they incorporated in their customer facility. The self-checkout system, the contactless payment facility, the mobile wallet and credit card app incorporation in their customer engagement program, wireless payment for their customer as well as suppliers are also an advantage. Legal The price war with Woolworth has lead Coles to some legal actions. ACCC has barred their price war, which have affected the suppliers of the supermarket farmers and vegetable sellers and have been warned by the NFF (National Farmers Federation) to a strict code of conduct on the supermarkets. Environmental - the sustainable product usage has in the super market, the Led light enabled market and usage of economic friendly products over the years is appreciable by the customer of Coles. He recycling facilities and reducing carbon footprint through natural refrigerant has been their steps towards building environmental friendly movements. Porters five forces model The porters model describes the position of conglomerates like Coles in their industry. The power of a business lies in using the optimum available resources in their business Threat of Competition - the competitors of Coles are Woolworths and Aldi. Both of the company has strong presence in the market but Coles and Woolworths have different advantages in their vanity. Therefore, the threat of competition is medium to high. Bargaining power of supplier the suppliers are strongly backed by the ACCC regulations in favour of them. However, the relationship Coles has build among the supplier chain and integrating data efficiency has given them a different edge to conduct the relationship with efficiency. This threat is high in scale for Coles. Bargaining power of customer for a long time Coles has been the market leaders and having the cost leadership has helped them retain the customers. However, the factors analysed from swot threatens their customer retention strategy. Having different alternatives available in the market is also affecting their customer relationship management. Threat of substitute - The threat of substitute increasing the risk factor is low. However, their competition with the local groceries is high. The products they outsource and sales in the market are highly demanded and the quality brands they associate themselves to are irreplaceable judging by the brand value. Threat of new entrance Retail industry is one of the most highly competitive in the global market. After the emergence of the online grocery and customer preference in them, it has also been seen to expanding the global competitors to explore in the offshore by having efficiency and excellent supply-chain and logistics management. Building customer satisfaction and value retention The customers seek to increase their value in the product or service they engages themselves into. Satisfaction level increases if he expectation level is surpassed and the perceive value of the product is met (Chen and Popovich 2013). Coles has been successful in reducing their cost, while gaining cost leadership and increasing their quality in fresh produce. The high performing business needs to enhance the four performing parameters Processes the business process is one of the key to success that ensures operational excellence and optimum level of cross-functioning teams. Coles management issues in interdepartmental functioning needs to be resolved. Customer attraction strategies of Coles need to be revised. Using social media channels can improve the process (Chen and Popovich 2013). Resources getting supplies of the fresh produce, the financial services, the hotel chains and liquor business are the resources they need to focus on. While training and developing the front-end functioning department of human resource and making them competent in customer relationship management is also building blocks towards customer retention (Chen and Popovich 2013). Organisation - the organizations policies regarding customer engagement and retention is effective, as they have learned innovated and incorporated strategic customer relationship program in their system. The issues have affected corporate culture in the organization with the suppliers. Norms within an organization is also effective by the feedback from the employers. Stakeholders stakeholders of Coles are the employers, shareholders, suppliers and anyone who are connected to the organisation. The front end functioning department is also competitive in their work Drivers of customer equity Brand Equity the brand equity of the organisation depends on the customers engagement, effectively converted acquisition rate and market visibility. Coles has improvised over the year on the first two but market visibility is negatively impacted if there by their governments regulations by ACCC barring them to control the supplier management in the company. Relationship Equity the relationship of the company with its supplier and customer are very essential for increasing relationship equity. Their customer relationship management program in the company is driven by the cost benefit they give compared to their competitors. Value Equity The perceived value received by the customers is of utmost importance and Coles have been regarded to use that by incorporating with the customers trust management by offering award winning products and health star ratings. Value equity are also dependent on additional financial benefits, as Coles can use the opportunity having in-house financial services, Club membership, personalize customer The 4cs of marketing the product development of the market opportunity is not ideals for people in the economy. One has to take into consideration about the customer needs and wants. Then develop a product, which satisfies the customer. Therefore, the 4ps of marketing is revolutionized 4cs. Customer - the needs and wants are of grave importance in this economy as it poses a competitive challenge Companies who have gained success in the years are acutely focused on their customer, like Starbucks. Coles strategies to customer relationship is data driven but it had gained them exploring on the new technologies that have been added to them. Convenience - the customers convenience are judged by the availability of the stores and products. Coles has expanded their business to 25 new super market stores and other liquor stores all over Australia by 2016. They also provide the online delivery option throughout the continent. Cost cost for the customer is needed to be seen with care. Spending in the right product is essential for the customer. It is investment for the customer to gain some value out of it. The percentage of income spends for their product needs to be regarded and analyses how to optimize. Communication communication is in every part of the business process but here communicating the value in the right way to the customers is essential. Without the manipulation, the give and take relationship is what needs to be communicated. The value proposition to customer The value the customer receives from the organization draws on the concept of the benefits that enhance the customer offer (Levitt 1969; Lovelock 1995). However, there is now a logic, which has evolved from earlier thinking in business-to-business and services marketing that views the customer as a co creator and coproduce. These benefits can be integrated in the form of a value proposition that explains the relationship among the performance of the product, the fulfilment of the customers needs, and the total cost to the customer over the customer relationship life cycle later work on value propositions reflects the co creation perspective(Buttle 2012).. However, a more detailed synthesis of work in this area is needed in further research. To determine whether the value proposition is likely to result in a superior customer experience, a company should undertake a value assessment to quantify the relative importance that customers place on the various attributes of a product. Analyt ical tools such as conjoint analysis can be used to identify customers that share common preferences in terms of product attributes. Such tools may also reveal substantial market segments with service needs that are not fully catered to by the attributes of existing offers. This theory is based on the retail industry, customer retention strategy. The high valued individuals are always the source of 80% of the gross profit (Chen and Popovich 2013).. Therefore, retaining the high valued customers is important as they generate 80 % of the profit. Building a sustainable CRM strategy The rapidly growing trends of customer relationship management and incorporating it in the corporate strategy have increased the company profitability. Demographic changes, digitalization and sustainability influence the mind-set and behaviour of customers (Buttle 2012). Particularly, concerns with the scarcity of natural resources, environmental degradation, and social inequalities have led to consumers becoming aware of the impact that current patterns of production, consumption and living are having on future sustainability. With the development of IT and the focus on the customer basic relationship marketing deals, with all stakeholders, not only customers. CRM has emerged from a synthesis of relationship marketing and different research streams within marketing and business information systems. Newly available data, technologies, and organizational forms have contributed to this development. Coles Data Repository system of their customer information and Cloud computing technolog ies has enabled them to use the perspectives of their customer to improvise the system. The e-customer relationship management which handles the 24/7 support and grievances are necessary and suffiently used by Coles organisation. Changing business model top and bottom line and linking to the customer relationship management business Research methodology This qualitative research done on the customers satisfaction analysis of Coles supermarket and their competitors Woolworths and Aldi. The time schedule of the research is also given where selecting the research idea and building the research objective is also given. The structured questionnaires for the 30 sample customers of the supermarket is gathered on excel and analysed by some of the descriptive statistics tool. The primary data collection process was interview to the daily Customers of the mentioned supermarkets. Formulating the research and conducting the research process and conducting the literature review is described in the research proposal. Data analysis and evaluation For predicting the customer, satisfaction level the research has been done on a 30 customers of the three supermarkets. Coles, Woolworths and Aldi. The demography of the customers are given below. Gender division Percentage Male 15 50.0% Female 15 50.0% Total 30 100.0% The research data reveals that the population of Australia, regardless it is male or female goes to supermarket for grocery purchase in a frequent manner. 50% of the supermarket goers are male and other 50% is female. This reveals that the women and men take same participation in shopping and marketers needs to prioritise the preference of both of the gender simultaneously in their products. The end user of the products does not matter in this process. The age population analysis reveals the concentration of the buyers is near the 18-25 and 26-35 in the supermarkets. Therefore, the marketing department of the retailers needs to focus on the general demographical features of that age group. Like focus on online delivery purchases, using efficient apps and website to upgrade the retail purchases integrated with online purchases. This ages main definition is also independent and does not want to spend time in physical shopping, so the retail stores must be second preference for the organisation. Never Rarely Sometimes Often Always Total Coles 0 6 12 9 3 30 Woolworths 0 2 12 13 3 30 Aldi 0 13 11 5 1 30 This frequency data depicts that the research participants visit Coles sometimes. However, does not prefer it as frequently as they prefer to go to Woolworths. The rare visits numbers are high in Aldi. This may be an effect of high price focuses of the supermarket chains. A view of different parameters in the graph and Strongly Dissatisfied Dissatisfied Neutral Satisfied Strongly Satisfied Weighted Average Product Quality 3.3% 20.0% 16.7% 33.3% 26.7% 3.60 Product Price 6.7% 46.7% 6.7% 33.3% 6.7% 2.87 Product Variety 0.0% 6.7% 0.0% 23.3% 70.0% 4.57 Deals/discounts available 6.7% 30.0% 20.0% 36.7% 6.7% 3.07 Responsiveness and reliability of employees 6.7% 36.7% 16.7% 33.3% 6.7% 2.97 Brand image 0.0% 0.0% 3.3% 50.0% 46.7% 4.43 Merchandise Display 10.0% 43.3% 13.3% 23.3% 10.0% 2.80 Convenience of Store Location 3.3% 10.0% 6.7% 63.3% 16.7% 3.80 Trading Hours 0.0% 6.7% 3.3% 73.3% 16.7% 4.00 Reward System 10.0% 16.7% 20.0% 36.7% 16.7% 3.33 Finding parking space 3.3% 16.7% 20.0% 40.0% 20.0% 3.57 Self-service checkout 6.7% 10.0% 6.7% 43.3% 33.3% 3.87 Queues at checkout 6.7% 43.3% 3.3% 40.0% 6.7% 2.97 I can find the product I want 0.0% 6.7% 6.7% 33.3% 53.3% 4.33 Overall Satisfaction 0.0% 10.0% 30.0% 53.3% 6.7% 3.57 Preferred supermarket observers percentage Coles 12 40.0% Woolworths 16 53.3% Aldi 2 6.7% 30 100.0% The different satisfaction parameters are calculated from the feedback from the research participants and accumulated in the above table. The overall dissatisfaction level being 0 depicts that the customer satisfaction level from Coles is really high. Display of merchandise facility and reward system satisfaction percentage of the customers are comparatively high than the other parameters. Therefore, the customers of Coles are overall satisfied in their services. The trading hours are highly preferable for the customers. The price of products, queuing systems in the Coles are also a dissatisfaction-contributing factor in Coles. However, the positive feedback on the parameters is self-service checkout, convenience in location of the stores, the parking space facilities and reward systems in Coles. The most appreciated facility of Coles are the variety of products available in the market and product identification facilities of the house. The above interpretation of the data gathered is parallel to the analysis of management theories done using different tools. Coles market overview analysed from the above market is that they have a customer satisfaction level more than 50 %. The convenience, customer, communication, three of the 4 cs are high in customer satisfaction level but the cost of the products are not in preferred by the participants. The perceived value of money they spent in the products are not achieved which leads to customer dissatisfaction. This has also impacted the customers most preferred choice of supermarket, which is Woolworths having overall satisfaction off 70%, whereas Coles is only 53%. The Customer taste and preference is of utmost importance but Coles have scored lower in that index too. Comparing with the data of Woolworths and Aldi Coles customer satisfaction level comes second and brand image and product variety of Woolworths(83.3%, 56.7%) is greater than of Coles (70%, 46.7%) and Aldi (1 3.3%. 10%). This also depicts the customer perceived value of Coles supermarket. Recommendation Coles is nearly a 100 years company residing in Australia, this has given the company certain advantage of building customers personal data repository. Again the new emergence of data analysis tools and cloud computing devices and softwares will enhance their analysing capability of their customer preference and taste factors which influences the satisfaction level. The price related factors are also needed to be revised. The analysis indicated that this is one of the factors, which limits the satisfaction level. Woolworths competition on the factor is also crucial as they offer products at a lesser price. To attract more customer the price should be reasonable and convenient store locations are also preferable to increase the sales and new customer acquisition. Building a sustainable relationship with their suppliers is also needed after the negative impact that has affected Coles has influenced their overall brand image to their customers. Conclusion - Therefore, from the above explanation of the data it is clear that the customer satisfaction level is reducing for the supermarket Coles. There is some recommendation for them to increase the customer retention, acquisition and engagement too. References Bahrami, M., Ghorbani, M. and Arabzad, S.M., 2012. Information technology (IT) as an improvement tool for customer relationship management (CRM).Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,41, pp.59-64. Buttle, F., 2012.Customer relationship management: concepts and technologies. Routledge. Chen, I.J. and Popovich, K., 2013. Understanding customer relationship management (CRM) People, process and technology.Business process management journal,9(5), pp.672-688. Khodakarami, F. and Chan, Y.E., 2014. Exploring the role of customer relationship management (CRM) systems in customer knowledge creation.Information Management,51(1), pp.27-42. Kirmaci, S., 2012. Customer relationship management and customer loyalty; a survey in the sector of banking.International Journal of Business and Social Science,3(3). Kumar, V. and Reinartz, W., 2012.Customer relationship management: Concept, strategy, and tools. Springer Science Business Media. Lambert, D.M. and Schwieterman, M.A., 2012. Supplier relationship management as a macro business process.Supply Chain Management: An International Journal,17(3), pp.337-352. Meadows, M. and Dibb, S., 2012. Progress in customer relationship management adoption: a cross-sector study.Journal of Strategic Marketing,20(4), pp.323-344. Nadeem, M., 2012. Social customer relationship management (SCRM): how connecting social analytics to business analytics enhances customer care and loyalty?.Browser Download This Paper. Nguyen, B. and Mutum, D.S., 2012. A review of customer relationship management: successes, advances, pitfalls and futures.Business Process Management Journal,18(3), pp.400-419. Padmavathy, C., Balaji, M.S. and Sivakumar, V.J., 2012. Measuring effectiveness of customer relationship management in Indian retail banks.International Journal of Bank Marketing,30(4), pp.246-266. Reinhold, O. and Alt, R., 2012, June. Social Customer Relationship Management: State of the Art and Learnings from Current Projects. InBled eConference(p. 26). Sadek, H., Youssef, A., Ghoneim, A. and Tantawy, P., 2012. Measuring the effect of customer relationship management (CRM) components on the non financial performance of commercial banks: Egypt case. Twing-Kwong, S., Gerald Albaum, L. and Fullgrabe, L., 2013. Trust in customer-salesperson relationship in China's retail sector.International Journal of Retail Distribution Management,41(3), pp.226-248.
Tuesday, December 3, 2019
The Value of Learning Linguistics for Teachers
One of the most significant steps in any personââ¬â¢s life is getting own education. In order to provide each person with proper education, it is very important to any teacher to choose the best educative models and methods and help students to enlarge own level of knowledge and practical and communicative skills.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Value of Learning Linguistics for Teachers specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Teacher training programs are considered to be a good start for understanding that linguistics and its diversity are important issues to discuss. The book Relevant Linguistics: An Introduction to the Structure and Use of English for Teachers is a good source of information that provides teachers with strong background linguistic knowledge and with an opportunity to train their professional skills in order to cope with any linguistic situation that may happen during classes. The ways of how descriptivism and prescriptivism are applied to English reading and writing, the dialects of English, which are inherent to the chosen community, and the examples of dominants dialects will be discussed in this paper. For many reading and writing teachers, the value of learning linguistics is regarded to be considerable, because this course not only presents necessary information about language but also gives a kind of insight into one of the most significant aspects of human behavior. The ideas of descriptivism and prescriptivism turn out to be crucial for those, who teach reading and writing English: some teachers still believe that it is important to prescribe how to speak English, and some teachers use another technology, describing how to speak English. Many people find it very difficult to study grammar as it is a set of strict rules, which have to be followed any way by those, who want to speak correctly (Justice, 2004).Advertising Looking for essay on linguistics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More For a long period of time, educators use the prescribing approach in order to study their students what rules have to be followed, what it means to speak correctly, and why numerous exercises and practices should be used. In fact, teachers do not want to concentrate on describing how it is to speak correctly, because they assure that following the already established rules is the only activity that has to be used. This prescriptive approach proves that the value of reading and wiring English is closely connected to past studies and has certain grounds, which cannot be removed or neglected. Another important issue that may raise the value of learning linguistics among reading and writing teachers is the presence of numerous dialects within one community. English Language Learners (ELL) face too many challenges while reading and writing; the variety of dialects disturb students, and teachers have to be read y to support their students and improve the situations to teach and correct mistakes, which are made because of lack of practice and knowledge. It may happen that certain ELL speak different dialects in one classroom; in my classroom, the dialects of British English and American English are the dominant ones, and it becomes very difficult to explain the students that both of their languages are correct, and it is not so important to discover the priority of their languages but to be able to think and speak properly. English in the United States is considerably different from British English: various pronunciation, tones, colloquialisms, and spelling. These differences create certain challenges for tutors, who teach reading. One of the possible examples of the challenges with the dominant dialect may be observed at reading classes.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Value of Learning Linguistics for Teachers specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/p age Learn More It is necessary to choose one standard for proper reading, the people, who speak these two dialects, cannot comprehend why one way of speaking and reading is appropriate and another is not. Teaching reading and speaking is not an easy assignment for teachers, whose students prefer different dialects. Such situations help to comprehend the value of linguistics and the effectiveness of prescribing approach. When students have one standard to follow, this provides teachers with an opportunity to use one criterion for evaluation of studentsââ¬â¢ skills. In the United States, American students, who speak American English from their birth, and the students, who have been speaking British English and now have to adapt to a new dialect, cannot achieve the same results. This is why one of the most important teachersââ¬â¢ purposes is to create an atmosphere in order to support each student and not to show the priority of another. After reading a book by Pau l Justice about learning linguistics and challenges, teachers may face with, the concept of value of this course becomes more or less clear. For many reading and writing teachers, the value of learning linguistics has to be put on the first place. The variety of dialects within one community, different levels of background knowledge and studentsââ¬â¢ attitude to the studying process require proper choice of educative programs and clear establishment of criteria. Students have to have a chance to study linguistics on a proper level, and teachers should care about successful methods and models of teaching, which will never decrease the value of reading and writing.Advertising Looking for essay on linguistics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Reference List Justice, P. W. (2004) Relevant Linguistics: An Introduction to the Structure and Use of English for Teachers. Stanford, California: Center for the Study of Language and Information. This essay on The Value of Learning Linguistics for Teachers was written and submitted by user Fernanda Vargas to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.
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